COGNITIVE APPROACH, AND THEORIES( INTERVIEW BASED)

Interview Question

1. What is the basic element or approach of the practitioners practice based on Cognitive Behavioral therapy?

2. Are there other therapies and theoretical perceptions of Cognitive Behavioral therapy that are in an application?

3. What differences are there between cognitive therapy and REBT?

4. What are the strength and limitations of Cognitive Behavioral therapy?

Introduction

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CBT or cognitive behavioral theory is a therapy system that is short-term based, and it is used by practitioners in psychology and the fields of social work. Cognitive behavioral therapy encourages a combination of cognitive therapy models and behaviors.  This theory is found upon the beliefs that a person’s feelings and behaviors that are profoundly influenced by their thoughts. The role of a Cognitive behavioral therapist comes in play where he or she tries to help a client prioritize their complications, identify the maladaptive opinions that are behind their feelings and problems and formulate and implement objectives-oriented alterations in their thinking. The origins of the cognitive behavioral theory put emphasis on the subject or client and the classical conditioning. The cognitive, social learning theory is encompassed around observational learning, therapy and cognitive theory, the aspects of modeling and the role upon which cognitive expectancies are determined.

 Before channeling our focus on the specified cognitive behavioral archetypal, this chapter shall examine some of the cognitive therapies, theories, and the behaviors. This examination will aid this study in deriving a foundation or the roots that have contributed substantially to the cognitive behavior approach to the treatment of various mental and behavioral disorders that may either have external or internal influences on different subjects or people.

Interview

The base of this study will be derived from an extensive review on an interview conducted on Heller, Robert F. who works at the cognitive and behavioral therapies organization in Florida and specializes with cognitive behavior therapy and substance abuse in both adults and adolescent. He serves a population of adults aged between 18-64, adolescent aged between 13-17 and children under the age of 12.

Through careful evaluation, some questions were formulated from the course study in regards to the topic on CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy). Among the questions the interviewer asked were;

1. What is the basic element or approach of the practitioners practice based on Cognitive Behavioral therapy?

2. Are there other therapies and theoretical perceptions of Cognitive Behavioral therapy that are in an application?

3. What differences are there between cognitive therapy and REBT?

4. What are the strength and limitations of Cognitive Behavioral therapy?

Interviewer

 What is the basic element or approach of the practitioners practice based on Cognitive Behavioral therapy?

Answer:

According to Dr. Heller, cognitive therapy can be approached from two angles, “cognitive approach and behavioral approach.” Dr. Heller further explained that these two methods of approaches are the initial stages of treating people who are mentally challenged.

Cognitive Approach

 According to Dr. Heller, “individuals experiencing dejection or depression are subjected to a typical negative way of thinking about themselves, their future and the world in general and they fall victim of appraising different occurrences in these terms, dwindling into a complex cycle of automatically experiencing negative thoughts, on which they more often reflect on and find difficult to conceptualize”. He further added that a person who has already developed this negative way of thinking is likely to exhibit conjoint cognitive biases. For example. Such people tend to think of themselves as the failure in life and tend to have a black and white way of thinking, and in most cases, they develop catastrophic thoughts. “It is always a challenge for me at. First, most of the patients are always deep-rooted in their negativism, and all they see is a wall standing between them and their future”. However, Dr. Heller suggested that one of the best ways to address or approach people with this disorder is by structuring questions and being attentive to the patient, carefully listening to his ideologies so that you may gain access to the significant parts of difficulty that you can work with.

Behavioral Approach

 Dr. Heller suggested that the best behavioral approach is through formulating acceptable and presented goals that a person can comfortably or easily achieve,  more so if these goals are particularly pleasurable. He gave one example of a short-termed behavioral experiment that optimistically challenges the patient’s assumptions of general disappointment and decreases anxieties. One of the cases Dr. Heller suggested was the AA (Alcoholics Anonymous). It’s a simple mantra that of alcohol addicts implying that they need to take one ‘day at a time’. Other examples he gave were keeping diaries, charts, and recording of their daily short-term achievements like exercises. Such tools are essential to the patient, and he or she can use them in the long term. Dr. Heller emphasized that structuring such goals and routinely challenging themselves for simple, achievable tasks acts as motivation towards the recovery of such patients.